This paper provides a comprehensive overview of gender disparities in STEM fields, examining the issues, causes, and potential solutions to close these gaps. Despite progress in female representation, compensation, and recognition, significant disparities remain across STEM subfields and career stages. It first reviews data on gender gaps in STEM, noting persistent inequities in representation, pay, and recognition, particularly in fields like computer science and engineering. Secondly, it explores leading explanations, including implicit biases, ability stereotypes, and sociocultural factors, as major contributors to these disparities. Emphasis is placed on implicit biases, which operate largely outside conscious awareness and impact both male and female perceptions of women in STEM. Finally, it presents current strategies and interventions to combat gender biases, focusing on both individual and organizational practices aimed at fostering an inclusive STEM culture. By highlighting the need for equal access and representation, the authors underscore the potential benefits of full female participation in STEM, not only for equity but for enhancing innovation and productivity in society at large. The paper concludes that tackling implicit biases and promoting structural changes are essential steps for achieving gender parity in STEM.